El cobre se calienta en un volumen de aire definido y la superficie se oxida y produce óxido de cobre (II). El volumen del aire se reduce por la reacción de la cantidad de oxígeno contenido en el aire: sólo cerca de un quinto del aire mezclado con el gas reacciona ...
Principle
Gases are condensing when they are cooled and at high pressure. In this experiment butane is condensed by cooling it to ca. -15 °C. In the second part of the experiment butane is condensed by compressing it.
Benefits
The separation power of a rectification (fractionating) column can be determined using an appropriate binary mixture whose equilibrium composition is measured in the distillation flask and in the domed glass head of the distillation apparatus. The number of theoretical trays can ...
Haloalkanes react with magnesium to the so-called Grignard reagents in accordance with the general formula RMgX. With X = bromide or iodide, the reaction works best. Chlorides are usually more inert and require higher temperatures and longer reaction times for the conversion. ...
Unlike the other alkali-organyls, lithium organyls - with the exception of methyllithium - show a stronger covalent behaviour. They dissolve rather well in organic solvents, such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and alkanes, and they are relatively stable in these ...
Bromine is polarised and, thereby, activated by zinc chloride as a Lewis acid. It can attach itself in an ionic manner to the toluene nucleus via several complex intermediate stages. Following a dehydrobromination, bromotoluene is formed, i.e. the product ...
This experiment examins the formation of p-tolune-sulfonic acid. The sulfonation of toluene with concentrated sulfuric acid is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. This means, the sulphonation of toluene is an electrophilic substitution at the aromatic compound. The ...
In the first part of the experiment, benzaldehyde disproportionates under the effect of alkalis to alcohol-soluble benzyl alcohol and water-soluble benzoic acid that precipitates when the aqueous solution is acidified. In the second part, benzaldehyde reacts with ethylene glycol ...
The discussion of healthy nutrition focuses on the fat content of foodstuffs. For this reason, it is important to know the exact fat content of individual foodstuffs. The experiment shown here presents a method for the quantitative determination of the fat content of foodstuffs ...
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