Termodinámica

Dilatación longitudinal de metales

Metal tubes are heated with steam. The linear expansion of three different metals is determined with the aid of a rotating-shaft pointer. From this the metals' coefficient of linear expansion is determined (Supplementary problem). The use of a rolling-shaft pointer is ...

Coeficiente de conducción de calor de metales

One end of a U-shaped metal rod is immersed in boiling water and the other in cold water. From the warming of the cold water qualitative and quantitative statements can be made about the influence of the rod's composition, length and diameter on the heat flow through it. Since ...

Absorción de radiación térmica

A polished and a black beaker are heated by radiation. Instead of solar radiation a bright flame located in front of the two beakers is used.
Both beakers are filled with air since the heat capacity of water is very large and it would be too slowly heated.

Tasks

What kind ...

Capacidad calorífica específica del agua

A measured quantity of water is heated with a heating coil. The electrical heat output is determined. From the temperature increase and the heat energy, the specific heat capacity of water is calculated. This calculation is performed under point 6 of "Evaluation", i.e. ...

Linear expansion of solid bodies

Principle

Metal pipes made of different materials are heated by passing steam through them. While each pipe is being tested, one end is securely fixed and the other rests on a rotating shaft, the motion of which is indicated with a pointer. The linear expansion of the different metals is ...

WT 2.1

Dilatación térmica de sólidos y líquidos

Principle

The volume expansion of liquids and the linear expansion of various materials is determined as a function of temperature.

Tasks

1. To determine the volume expansion of ethyl acetate (C4H8O2), methylated spirit, olive oil, glycerol and water as a function of temperature, ...

Dilatación térmica de sólidos

Se determina la dilatación lineal de varios materiales en función de la temperatura.

Distribución de velocidades de Maxwell

Principle

By means of the model apparatus for kinetic theory of gases the motion of gas molecules is simulated and the velocities determined by registration of the throw distance of the glass balls. This velocity distribution is compared to the theoretical Maxwell- Boltzmann ...

Ecuación de estado térmico y punto crítico

Principio

Una sustancia gaseosa en condiciones normales se encierra en un volumen variable y se mide la variación de la presión con el volumen a diferentes temperaturas. El punto crítico se determina graficamente con las gráficas (plots) de las ...

Efecto Joule-Thomson

Principle

A stream of gas is fed to a throttling point, where the gas (CO₂ or N₂) undergoes adiabatic expansion. The differences in temperature established between the two sides of the throttle point are measured at various pressures and the Joule-Thomson coefficients of the gases in ...

Capacidad calorífica de metales

Principle

Heated specimens are placed in a calorimeter filled with water at low temperature. The heat capacity of the specimen is determined from the rise in the temperature of the water.

Tasks

1. To determine the heat capacity of the calorimeter by filling it with hot water and determining ...

Presión de vapor de agua a altas temperaturas

Principle

The high-pressure steam apparatus makes it possible to measure steam pressure in a temperature range of 100-250 °C. This allows for investigations to be performed on real gases and vapours. Typical equilibrium states between gas and liquid phases can be set up. For this ...

Elevación del punto de ebullición

Principio

El punto de ebullición de una solución es siempre más alto que el del solvente puro. La dependencia de la diferencia de temperatura (punto de ebullición más alto) con la concentración del soluto se puede determinar utilizando el aparato ...

Descenso del punto de congelación

• Ley de Raoult
• Constantes crioscópicas
• Potencial químico
• Ecuación de Gibbs-Helmholtz
• Cociente (ratio) de concentración
• Grado de disociación
• Factor de Van't Hoff
• Crioscopio